Indigenous peoples of the American Southwest, including the Diné (Navajo), A:shiwi (Zuni), Zia Pueblo, and Laguna Pueblo, have been using a time-tested agricultural method known as a waffle garden to successfully grow crops in the semi-arid environment for generations. This centuries-old technique integrates the cycles of the seasons and geological knowledge of the area to secure the optimal location and methods for growing food. Crops are planted in rows of square cells separated by berms of clay and soil, imitating the shape of waffles. The water pools in the sunken areas of the waffle and is directed to the plant’s roots, maximizing water use in the dry climate. These agricultural techniques are still being used today, often combined with ditch irrigation, and will continue for generations to come.

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